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starkware2023 Conference-1

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The Starkware2023 conference was recently held, and this month there will be a series of introductions about the conference. The Empiric Network is a project that uses StarkNet to build better oracles. They aim to create oracles that can verify data sources and calculations, and provide high-frequency updates. The second version of Empiric will be built on StarkNet's L3 and will allow for multi-chain interaction. Switchboard is an oracle protocol that allows developers to create customizable data feeds for various chains. They provide job settings, data configuration, data retrieval, and task scheduling. MPC Wallet is a wallet that is collectively used by organizations to ensure approval from all parties for each transaction. Heardotus is a system that combines storage proofs and zero-knowledge proofs to access historical and current data across multiple chains. It allows for efficient and private verification of the entire blockchain.

The Starkware2023 conference was in full swing recently, and I finally have some time to organize things this month. I will introduce it to you in several parts, with pure practical content!

Empiric Network Oracle#

Empiric Network utilizes StarkNet to build better oracles.
• Currently, most oracles are off-chain networks that can only transmit final results and cannot verify the source of data or the calculation method.
• New effective proof tools will be used to build better oracles with good performance and high security.
• Empiric Network has been built on StarkNet for over 10 months and provides the best blockchain supply applications.
• Building an ideal oracle requires both verifying the source of data and being able to mix and update data at a high frequency.

Empiric will release its second version, which is L3 of StarkNet. L3 can control the frequency and update frequency or data source of the network, so how we interact with the system is basically by transmitting the data we have at the third layer to any other chain because there is storage proof. It will be built on top of Substrate and add the Cairo VM to Substrate so that we can deploy smart contracts using Cairo and verify them on StarkNet.
• The Ethereum blockchain can provide transparency, verifiability, and composability for oracles.
• Empiric Network has built many types of data flows.

Switchboard Oracle Protocol#

Switchboard provides an Oracle protocol that is permissionless, developer-customizable, and compatible with multiple chains.

Developers can use this protocol to build data feeds such as exchange rates, sports data, NFT prices, etc.

The architecture of Switchboard includes Oracle Job, Data Feed, Oracle, and Crane, which represent job settings, configured data, data retrieval, and task scheduling, respectively.

• Oracle Job can use templates designed by developers to obtain information and create liquidity.

• Data Feed provides funds to pay for oracle execution services.

• The Oracle has containers internally for resource fetching and managing the allocation of different machines in the network.

MPC Wallet#

  • Dima Kogan introduces the MPC wallet, which is used collectively by an organization to ensure that every transaction is approved by everyone.
  • We are building an institutional MPC wallet for Decentralized Finance (DeFi), which supports both EVM and Non-EVM chains and adds more meaningful transaction context to effectively prevent improper transactions.
  • Dapps developed by Starkware use an ECDSA signature scheme without elliptic curves, but standard wallets like MetaMask and Ledger do not support it.
  • The Institutional MPC wallet we are developing can support DeFi, L1 Ethereum wallets, browser extensions, and APIs to meet the needs of different customers.

Heardotus, Proving Chain Data through Recursion#

• Introducing Heardotus, which combines storage proofs with zero-knowledge proofs to access historical and current data across chains or multiple chains.
• Bitcoin pioneered the chain feature that allows tracing back to the genesis block from a parent hash.
• Proofs themselves can also be used for computation, giving rise to the concept of recursive proofs.
• The computational cost of the proof itself is smaller than that of verifying it, hence the use of zero-knowledge proofs.
• Zero-knowledge proofs have privacy properties, meaning that only the party completing the computation knows the private input.
• The entire blockchain can be proven by starting from a single block and recursively tracing back to the genesis block.
• By proving recursively, small and fast proofs can be generated, greatly improving verification efficiency.

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